No,
mod_perl runs in the webSERVER space.
Your cgi files are in a cgi-perl or modified cgi-bin directory.
If a web user makes a request from the the cgi-perl/cgi-bin directory it's *never* served, it's always parsed and served. It's run as a script at all times, and there is no way to serve html or text accidentally from that directory.
PHP is run in the web/html tree. The code is embedded in the web pages. Very often you'll see the code spit out by the server, unparsed. That can be a real security issue.
Also, because the pages are in the html tree, which has general read permissions, a hacker can get more easy access, and potentially upload executable code more easily.
For php to run, your webspace (html tree) has to allow executables or includes.
If you run perl, mod_perl, etc, your webtree can REFUSE to execute any scripts in that space, and your security can be much tigher on the write access to the cgi-bin area, where ALL files are executed, not "served" under apache.
This is an over simplification, but this is why even in the early days, SSI and allowing .cgi in non-cgi-bin directories was strongly discouraged.
PHP was a *major* step back for that (and even put code in the html files!.... which is as bad as putting HTML in the code files!)
Anyway.... problems with perl security are usually due to badly written programs, *not* the compiler or server or "engine" code.
If you stick with a few simple rules of parsing/cleaning all your input, and not taking shortcuts like using the backtick for any user-generated input at all, (I've only used it for scratch files completely generated from internal program input), then you've closed up 99.999% of all findable or obvious holes.
In PHP... it's not so.
PHP was a way to GET AROUND server security <G>. It was for people on servers where the admin did not allow cgi-bin access. It's hard to plug up holes in something that was originally built to be a screen door <G>
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